Anal fissures are tears in the mucosal lining of the anus. They are common and can be a result of inflammatory bowel disease, constipation, chronic diarrhea or childbirth. Chronic anal fissures are a result of internal anal sphincter hypertonia which causes a reduction and blood flood and low oxygen in the tissues. This leads to a failure to heal. Traditional treatment for anal fissures involves medications, including topical nitroglycerin and anesthetic creams, injections, blood pressure medications or surgery.     

Common Symptoms of Anal Fissures

Pain during or after bowel movements 
Bleeding after a bowel movement 
A visible crack in the skin around the anus 
A small lump or skin tag near the fissure 

Complications from Anal Fissures

Fecal incontinence 
Reduced quality of life 
Possible recurrence 
Difficulty with bowel movements